to instil

instillo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to pour in by drops, to drop in, to instil (class.).

Lit.:

haec quoque, nisi tamquam lumini, oleum instilles, extinguuntur senectute,

Cic. de Sen. 11: (oleum) caulibus. Hor. S. 2, 2, 62:

auribus sucum brassicae,

Plin. 20, 9, 33, § 83.—

To drop into or upon: guttae, quae saxa assidue instillant Caucasi, Cic. poët. Tusc. 2, 10 fin. —

Trop., to instil, to inspire with:

uberrimae tuae litterae mihi quiddam quasi animulae instillarunt (al. restillarunt),

Cic. Att. 9, 7, 1:

praeceptum auriculis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 16.

* * *

ad-mŏvĕo, mōvi, mōtum, 2, v. a. (admōram, admōrim, etc., sync. for admoveram, admoverim, etc., Verg. A. 4, 367; Ov. P. 3, 7, 36), to move a person or thing; to bring, conduct, lead, carry, etc., to or toward a place (syn.: adduco, adicio, adhibeo, appello).

Lit.

In gen., constr. with ad or with dat. (in the histt., of an army, implements for besieging, etc.; class. at all periods): dum ne exercitum propius urbem Romam CC milia admoveret, Cic. Phil. 6, 3, 5:

copias in locum,

Liv. 42, 57:

signa Achradinae,

id. 25, 24 ext.; so Flor. 1, 24, 3, 23:

castra,

Sil. 1, 296.—Hence, also, sometimes absol., to draw near, to approach, to bring near:

jam admovebat rex,

Curt. 9, 4:

jam opera admoventi deditio est facta,

Liv. 32, 32:

scalas moenibus,

Tac. A. 13, 39. — Trop.:

quot admovi illi fabricas! quot fallacias!

Plaut. Cist. 2, 2, 5 (where formerly admoenivi was erroneously read):

tamquam aliquā machinā admotā, capere Asinii adulescentiam,

Cic. Clu. 13;

so also: ignes ardentesque laminae ceterique cruciatus admovebantur (sc. civi Romano),

id. Verr. 2, 5, 63:

dolorum faces,

id. Off. 2, 10, 37:

cumque quasi faces ei doloris admoverentur,

id. Tusc. 2, 25, 61:

fasciculum ad nares,

id. ib. 3, 18 fin.:

pecus flagrantibus aris,

Verg. A. 12, 171:

admotae hostiae (sc. aris),

Tac. A. 2, 69; so Suet. Calig. 32; Luc. 7, 165: Hannibalem admotum, i. e. adductum altaribus, led or conducted to, Liv. 21, 1:

labra poculis,

Verg. E. 3, 43:

ignes templis,

Tib. 3, 5, 11:

exercitum Ariminum,

Liv. 28, 46:

vultum ad auditores,

Auct. Her. 3, 15:

animam admotis fugientem sustinet herbis,

Ov. M. 10, 188:

(opes) Stygiis admoverat umbris,

id. ib. 1, 139:

manus operi,

to apply, id. ib. 10, 254:

capiti diadema,

Suet. Caes. 79:

digitum scripturae,

id. Aug. 80:

oscula,

to give a kiss, Ov. M. 10, 644:

aliquem ad munera publica,

to promote, advance, Suet. Tib. 10:

infantes papillae,

to put to, id. Tib. 44 al.:

gressum,

to approach nearer, Stat. Th. 11, 560 (cf.: addere gressum).—

Esp.

To bring one thing near to another, and in the pass. poet. of places, to lie or be situated near:

nocturna ad lumina linum nuper ubi extinctum admoveas,

Lucr. 6, 901:

quae nisi admoto igne ignem concipere possit,

Cic. de Or. 2, 45 fin.: culina ut sit admota, i. e. near or close by, Varr. R. R. 1, 13, 2:

genus admotum Superis,

nearly related, Sil. 8, 295:

admota Nilo Africa,

Juv. 10, 149.—Hence, aliquem alicui, to bring one near another, i. e. to make friends, to reconcile:

mors Agrippae admovit propius Neronem Caesari,

Vell. 2, 96.—

With the access. idea of regard to an object to be attained, to move, bring, or apply a thing to; e. g. admovere aures (or aurem), to lend an ear to: manus (or manum) operi, to put one's hand to a work, etc.: accessi, adstiti, animam ( my breath) compressi, aurem admovi, Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 28:

admovere aures et subauscultando excipere voces,

Cic. de Or. 2, 36 (cf.:

aures adhibere,

id. Arch. 3:

praebere aures,

Ov. Tr. 3, 7, 25; and:

tenere aures,

id. ib. 4, 10, 49); and aures, poet. for auditores:

cum tibi sol tepidus plures admoverit aures,

Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 19:

admovent manus vectigalibus populi Rom.,

Cic. Agr. 1, 4; Ov. M. 15, 218; Liv. 5, 22, 4:

in marmoribus, quibus Nicias manum admovisset,

which he had put his hand to, Plin. 35, 11, 40, § 133; Curt. 6, 7:

ruderibus purgandis manus primus admovit,

Suet. Vesp. 8. But sometimes manus admovere signif., to lay violent hands on, to attack or assault:

numquam deos ipsos admovere nocentibus manus,

Liv. 5, 11 fin. al.—

Fig., of mental objects, to put, apply, or direct to any thing:

quid praedicem... quot stimulos admoverit homini,

put the goad to, Cic. Sest. 5, 12:

mulier saevissima est, Cum stimulos odio pudor admovet,

Juv. 10, 328:

num admoveri possit oratio ad sensus animorum inflammandos,

Cic. de Or. 1, 14, 60:

animis judicum admovere orationem, tamquam fidibus manum,

id. Brut. 54, 200: sed alia quaedam sit ad eum admovenda curatio (just before: adhibenda oratio; cf.

adhibeo),

id. Tusc. 4, 28, 61: mentem ad voces alicujus, to direct to, attend to, Auct. Harusp. Resp. 10: serus enim Graecis admovit acumina chartis, not until late did ( the Roman) apply his wits to Greek literature, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 161:

terrorem,

to strike with terror, Liv. 6, 10; 41, 17:

spes est admota,

Ov. M. 11, 454:

spes cupiditati admota occaecavit animum,

Liv. 43, 10; id. 27, 43: desiderium patriae, to instil or infuse, Curt. 6, 2 al.

a-spīro ( adsp-, Baiter, Rib., Merk., K. and H.; asp-, Kayser, Halm, Müller), āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a.

To breathe or blow upon; constr. with ad, the dat., or absol.:

ad quae (granaria) nulla aura umida ex propinquis locis adspiret,

Varr. R. R. 1, 57:

ut ne ad eum frigus adspiret,

Cels. 2, 17:

pulmones se contrahunt adspirantes,

exhaling, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 136:

Lenius aspirans aură,

Cat. 68, 64:

amaracus illum Floribus et dulci adspirans complectitur umbrā,

Verg. A. 1, 694: adspirant aurae in noctem, rise at or toward night, id. ib. 7, 8:

si minuma adspirat aura,

Plin. 13, 22, 43, § 124:

tibia adspirat choro,

accompanies, Hor. A. P. 204 al. —

Trop.: alicui, to be favorable to, to favor, assist (the figure taken from a fair breeze):

aspira mihi,

Tib. 2, 1, 35:

quibus aspirabat Amor,

id. 2, 3, 71:

adspirat primo fortuna labori,

Verg. A. 2, 385:

adspirate canenti,

id. ib. 9, 525:

di, coeptis adspirate meis,

Ov. M. 1, 3.—Also absol.: magno se praedicat auxilio fuisse, quia paululum in rebus difficillimis aspiravit, Auct. ad Her. 4, 34 (cf. afflo).—

To aspire to a person or thing, to desire to reach or obtain, i. e. to approach, come near (esp. with the access. idea of striving to attain to); constr. with ad, in with acc., the dat., a local adv., or absol. (class.; freq. in Cic.): qui prope ad ostium adspiraverint, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 4, 142:

quid enim quisquam ad meam pecuniam me invito aspirat? quid accedit?

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 54 fin.; so id. Div. in Caecil. 5 fin.:

tu ad eum Ciceronem numquam aspirasti,

id. Pis. 5 fin.; so id. Fam. 7, 10:

omnes aditus tuos interclusi, ut ad me adspirare non posses,

id. Tusc. 5, 9, 27:

aspirare in curiam,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 31:

in campum,

id. Sull. 18, 52:

ne non modo intrare, verum etiam adspicere aut aspirare possim,

id. Caecin. 14; Col. 8, 14, 9:

nec equis adspirat Achillis,

Verg. A. 12, 352:

sed non incendia Colchis adspirare sinit,

Val. Fl. 7, 584.— Trop.:

sed haec ad eam laudem, quam volumus, aspirare non possunt,

arrive at, attain to, Cic. Or. 41, 140:

bellicā laude aspirare ad Africanum nemo potest,

id. Brut. 21, 84:

haec etiam in equuleum coniciuntur, quo vita non adspirat beata,

id. Tusc. 5, 5, 13; Gell. 14, 3, 10.—

In gram., to give the h sound, to aspirate (cf. aspiratio, II. B.):

consonantibus,

Quint. 1, 5, 20:

Graeci aspirare solent,

id. 1, 4, 14; Nigid. ap. Gell. 13, 6, 3.—

To breathe or blow upon, to infuse, instil; lit. and trop. ( poet. or in post-Aug. prose):

Juno ventos adspirat eunti,

sends favoring winds, Verg. A. 5, 607:

adspiravit auram quandam salutis fortuna,

Amm. 19, 6:

dictis divinum amorem,

Verg. A. 8, 373:

novam pectoribus fidem,

Claud. Fesc. 14, 16:

nobis tantum ingenii aspiret,

Quint. 4, prooem. § 5.—

To breathe or blow upon; trop. of the sea, to wash:

insula adspiratur freto Gallico,

is washed, Sol. 22.

a-spīro ( adsp-, Baiter, Rib., Merk., K. and H.; asp-, Kayser, Halm, Müller), āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a.

To breathe or blow upon; constr. with ad, the dat., or absol.:

ad quae (granaria) nulla aura umida ex propinquis locis adspiret,

Varr. R. R. 1, 57:

ut ne ad eum frigus adspiret,

Cels. 2, 17:

pulmones se contrahunt adspirantes,

exhaling, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 136:

Lenius aspirans aură,

Cat. 68, 64:

amaracus illum Floribus et dulci adspirans complectitur umbrā,

Verg. A. 1, 694: adspirant aurae in noctem, rise at or toward night, id. ib. 7, 8:

si minuma adspirat aura,

Plin. 13, 22, 43, § 124:

tibia adspirat choro,

accompanies, Hor. A. P. 204 al. —

Trop.: alicui, to be favorable to, to favor, assist (the figure taken from a fair breeze):

aspira mihi,

Tib. 2, 1, 35:

quibus aspirabat Amor,

id. 2, 3, 71:

adspirat primo fortuna labori,

Verg. A. 2, 385:

adspirate canenti,

id. ib. 9, 525:

di, coeptis adspirate meis,

Ov. M. 1, 3.—Also absol.: magno se praedicat auxilio fuisse, quia paululum in rebus difficillimis aspiravit, Auct. ad Her. 4, 34 (cf. afflo).—

To aspire to a person or thing, to desire to reach or obtain, i. e. to approach, come near (esp. with the access. idea of striving to attain to); constr. with ad, in with acc., the dat., a local adv., or absol. (class.; freq. in Cic.): qui prope ad ostium adspiraverint, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 4, 142:

quid enim quisquam ad meam pecuniam me invito aspirat? quid accedit?

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 54 fin.; so id. Div. in Caecil. 5 fin.:

tu ad eum Ciceronem numquam aspirasti,

id. Pis. 5 fin.; so id. Fam. 7, 10:

omnes aditus tuos interclusi, ut ad me adspirare non posses,

id. Tusc. 5, 9, 27:

aspirare in curiam,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 31:

in campum,

id. Sull. 18, 52:

ne non modo intrare, verum etiam adspicere aut aspirare possim,

id. Caecin. 14; Col. 8, 14, 9:

nec equis adspirat Achillis,

Verg. A. 12, 352:

sed non incendia Colchis adspirare sinit,

Val. Fl. 7, 584.— Trop.:

sed haec ad eam laudem, quam volumus, aspirare non possunt,

arrive at, attain to, Cic. Or. 41, 140:

bellicā laude aspirare ad Africanum nemo potest,

id. Brut. 21, 84:

haec etiam in equuleum coniciuntur, quo vita non adspirat beata,

id. Tusc. 5, 5, 13; Gell. 14, 3, 10.—

In gram., to give the h sound, to aspirate (cf. aspiratio, II. B.):

consonantibus,

Quint. 1, 5, 20:

Graeci aspirare solent,

id. 1, 4, 14; Nigid. ap. Gell. 13, 6, 3.—

To breathe or blow upon, to infuse, instil; lit. and trop. ( poet. or in post-Aug. prose):

Juno ventos adspirat eunti,

sends favoring winds, Verg. A. 5, 607:

adspiravit auram quandam salutis fortuna,

Amm. 19, 6:

dictis divinum amorem,

Verg. A. 8, 373:

novam pectoribus fidem,

Claud. Fesc. 14, 16:

nobis tantum ingenii aspiret,

Quint. 4, prooem. § 5.—

To breathe or blow upon; trop. of the sea, to wash:

insula adspiratur freto Gallico,

is washed, Sol. 22.

con-firmo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to make firm, establish, strengthen, confirm (class., esp. in prose).

In gen. (prop. and trop.):

stipites confirmare et stabilire,

Caes. B. G. 7, 73:

ali hōc vires nervosque confirmari putant,

id. ib. 6, 21:

dentis mobilis,

Plin. 28, 11, 49, § 178; cf. Scrib. Comp. 57; 59 sq.:

confirmare et densare defluentem capillum,

Plin. 25, 11, 83, § 132:

crus debile,

Suet. Vesp. 7; cf. id. Aug. 80:

maxime religando confirmant parietum soliditatem,

Vitr. 2, 8, 7:

castellum magnis munitionibus multisque tormentis, Auct. B. Alex. 21, 5: intestina,

i. e. to heal, cure, Cels. 4, 19:

cicatriculam,

id. 2, 10 fin.: se, to recover physically, to grow well (corresp. with convalescere), Cic. Fam. 16, 1, 2; 16, 3, 1; 16, 4, 4; 16, 1, 1.— Transf., of the vine, Col. 4, 3, 4:

valetudinem,

Cic. Att. 10, 17, 2:

pacem et amicitiam cum proximis civitatibus,

Caes. B. G. 1, 3; cf.:

confirmare societatem datā ac acceptā fide,

Sall. C. 44, 3:

opes factionis,

id. ib. 32, 2; cf.:

viris suas,

Vell. 2, 44, 2:

suam manum,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 24:

se transmarinis auxiliis,

Caes. B. C. 1, 29:

conjurationem,

Nep. Dion, 8, 3:

regnum Persarum,

id. Milt. 3, 5; so,

regnum,

Suet. Caes. 9:

imperium,

id. Vit. 9:

decreta,

to confirm, Nep. Phoc. 3, 2:

acta Caesaris,

Cic. Att. 16, 16, C, 12:

acta alicujus in transmarinis provinciis,

Vell. 2, 44, 2:

beneficia edicto,

Suet. Tit. 8:

provinciam a Caesare datam,

id. Aug. 10.—

Esp.

To confirm or strengthen courage, to instil courage into one, to encourage, inspirit, animate, embolden:

animum meum,

to take heart, take courage, Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 1:

animum sapientissimi hominis,

Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 2; id. Quint. 24, 77:

maximi animi hominem,

id. ib. 4, 8, 1:

animos ratione,

Lucr. 1, 426:

confirmare et excitare afflictos animos bonorum,

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 8:

animos Gallorum verbis,

Caes. B. G. 1, 33; Sall. C. 46, 3:

vacillantium gentium animos,

Vell. 2, 120, 1:

suos ad dimicandum animo,

Caes. B. G. 5, 49:

milites,

id. ib. 5, 52:

timentes,

id. ib. 7, 7; cf.:

diffidentem rebus suis,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23:

territos,

Sall. J. 38, 5:

perterritos,

Suet. Caes. 66; id. Aug. 43:

Massilienses obsidione laborantes adventu suo,

id. Ner. 2:

animum suum ad virtutem,

Auct. Her. 4, 22, 31 Klotz (al. conformavit):

nepotem suum ad successionem imperii,

Suet. Tib. 55 fin.:

nunc erige te et confirma,

take courage, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 5:

cum ipse te confirmasses,

hast acquired courage, id. Quint. 11, 39; cf.:

confirmant ipsi se,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 36, § 95; Caes. B. G. 2, 19; id. B. C. 1, 14 al.:

eos multa pollicendo confirmat, uti Romam pergerent,

Sall. J. 23, 2:

alius alium confirmare, ne nomina darent,

Liv. 2, 24, 2.— Aliquem alicui rei: gladiatores Lentulus libertati confirmat, encourages them to freedom, i. e. incites them to make themselves worthy of freedom, Caes. B. C. 1, 14, 4 dub. (Dinter and Kraner:

spe libertatis).—With abstr. objects: reliqui temporis spem,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 22, 71:

spem alicujus,

Suet. Calig. 12:

suspitionem,

id. Tib. 52; cf.:

sensus rectus et confirmatus,

Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 2.—

To confirm one in his disposition or feelings, in his fidelity (rare):

insulas bene animatas,

Nep. Cim. 2, 4:

homines,

Caes. B. C. 1, 15:

Gallias,

Vell. 2, 120.—

To confirm, give full assurance of, a fact, corroborate an assertion, settle, fix, establish, to prove, demonstrate the truth of a thing, etc. (very freq.):

confirmare nostra argumentis ac rationibus, deinde contraria refutare,

Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 80;

so opp. refutare,

Quint. 5, prooem. § 2; 5, 13, 53; cf.

opp. refellere,

id. 3, 9, 6; 12, 1, 45;

opp. diluere,

id. 9, 2, 80:

confirmare aut infirmare rem,

Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 49:

divinationem,

id. Div. 1, 32, 71; cf. id. ib. 2, 32, 78:

quorum omnium testimoniis de hac Dionis pecuniā confirmatum est,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 8, § 23:

crimen commenticium,

id. Rosc. Am. 15, 42:

haec istius vituperatio atque infamia confirmabatur eorum sermone, qui, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 38, § 101:

perjurium,

id. ib. 2, 4, 9, §

19: iste locus est tibi etiam atque etiam confirmandus,

id. Fin. 5, 32, 95:

his rebus confirmatis,

Caes. B. G. 6, 6 Kraner ad loc. —With acc. and inf., Lucr. 2, 185; cf. id. 2, [p. 415] 179; 5, 198.— Pass. impers., with ne:

sanctissimo jurejurando confirmari oportere, ne tecto recipiatur, qui non, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 7, 66 fin.:

hoc idem visum esse ex superioribus castellis confirmaverunt,

id. B. C. 3, 67; cf.:

hoc ex ipsis caeli rationibus ausim Confirmare, nequaquam esse creatam, etc.,

Lucr. 2, 179.—Hence,

To assert, affirm, protest something as true or certain; constr. with acc., acc. and inf., or de:

hoc cum mihi non modo confirmasset, sed etiam persuasisset,

Cic. Att. 16, 5, 2:

talem exsistere eloquentiam non potuisse confirmo,

id. de Or. 2, 2, 6.—So with acc. and inf., Cic. Verr. 1, 17, 50; cf.:

illud se polliceri et jurejurando confirmare, tutum iter per fines suos daturum,

Caes. B. G. 5, 27:

confirmare, fidem publicam per sese inviolatam fore,

Sall. J. 33, 3:

memini me audire te de glorioso et celeri reditu meo confirmare,

Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 2.—So with de, Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 1; id. Arch. 7, 15.—Hence, confirmātus, a, um, P. a.

(In acc. with II. A.) Encouraged, courageous, resolute:

animus certus et confirmatus,

Cic. Quint. 24, 77; so,

sensus rectus et confirmatus,

id. Fam. 1, 8, 2:

confirmatiorem exercitum efficere,

Caes. B. C. 3, 84.—

(Acc. to II. C.) Asserted, affirmed:

in quibus (litteris) erat confirmatius idem illud, etc.,

Cic. Att. 10, 15, 1.—

(Proved; hence,) Certain, credible:

quod eo confirmatius erit, si, etc.,

Cic. Inv. 2, 11, 35: fides confirmatissima, most fixed, Porph. ad Hor. S. 1, 5, 27.—

* Adv.: confirmātē (in acc. with I.), firmly, Auct. Her. 4, 11, 16.

in-gigno, gĕnŭi, gĕnĭtum, 3, v. a., to instil by birth or nature, to implant, engender.

Lit.:

herbasque nocentes rupibus ingenuit tellus,

Luc. 6, 439:

vites ingenita sterilitate,

Col. 3, 7, 3.—

Trop.:

natura cupiditatem nomini ingenuit,

Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 46:

tantam ingenuit animantibus conservandi sui natura custodiam,

id. N. D. 2, 48, 124:

vitia ingenita,

inborn, Suet. Ner. 1:

cum sic hominis natura generata sit, ut habeat quiddam ingenitum quasi civile atque populare,

innate, Cic. Fin. 5, 23, 66.

stillo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a [stilla].

Neutr., to drop, drip, trickle, distil (mostly poet.; syn. roro).

Lit.:

vas, unde stillet lente aqua,

Varr. R. R. 1, 41, 2:

gutta (dulcedinis) in cor,

Lucr. 4, 1060:

umorem, quasi igni cera super calido tabescens multa liquescat,

id. 6, 515:

cruor ferro,

Prop. 2, 8, 26 (2, 8 b, 26 (10)):

unguenta capillo,

Tib. 1, 7, 51:

de viridi ilice mella,

Ov. M. 1, 112:

ros,

id. ib. 11, 57:

hammoniaci lacrima stillat m harenis,

Plin. 12, 23, 49, § 107.—

Transf., of things which drop or drop with a liquid:

saxa guttis manantibu' stillent,

Lucr. 6, 943 ' paenula multo nimbo, Juv. 5, 79:

coma Syrio rore,

Tib. 3, 4, 28:

sanguine sidera,

Ov. Am. 1, 8, 11; cf.

' arbor sanguineis roribus,

Luc. 7, 837; Sen. Thyest 1061—Without abl.: umida saxa, super viridi stillantia musco, Lucr. 5, 951: ille, qui stillantem prae se pugionem tulit, * Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 30:

uva,

Mart. 10, 56, 5; Vulg. Job, 16, 21.—

Trop.:

stillantes voces,

words that ooze out drop by drop, Calp. Ecl. 6, 23; cf.:

orationem stillare,

Sen. Ep. 40, 3:

plumis stillare diem,

to be full, to abound in, Stat. Th. 3, 537.—

Act., to cause to drop, let fall in drops, to drop, distil: stillabit amicis Ex oculis rorem, * Hor. A. P. 429:

coctam caepam cum adipe anserino,

Plin. 20, 5, 20, § 40:

stillata De ramis electra,

dropped, distilled, Ov. M. 2, 364:

stillata cortice myrrha,

id. ib. 10, 501;

acre malum stillans ocellus,

Juv. 6, 109.—

Trop., to drop, instil:

cum facilem stillavit in aurem Exiguum de veneno,

Juv. 3, 123.